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A digital euro deployed on public layer-1 blockchains such as Ethereum or Solana would create trade-offs for Europe’s monetary sovereignty, touching on infrastructure control, settlement finality, and dependence on third-party protocol governance. Choosing an existing smart-contract platform would tie parts of the euro’s digital payments infrastructure to external consensus mechanisms and developer ecosystems. The comparison stresses questions about operational resilience, cross-border interoperability, privacy and the balance between leveraging established blockchain infrastructure and preserving central-bank authority over currency issuance and monetary policy.