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Bitcoin Core v30 introduces changes around OP_RETURN that make the release notable and contentious within the community. The update affects how nodes treat outputs used to carry non-transactional data, touching on long-running disagreements about Bitcoin’s scope, resource usage, and network externalities. Supporters emphasize clarity, efficiency, and reducing incentives to embed arbitrary payloads in the ledger; critics warn about implications for developer workflows, application compatibility, and censorship concerns. Node operators, wallet maintainers, and miners face policy and configuration choices as the software rolls out. The release highlights the interplay between consensus rules, relay policies, and social norms that shape what data belongs on-chain versus at higher layers.